Heater for boilers and other furnaces.



PATENTED SEPT. 12, 1905. H. A. BRADLEY. HEATER POR BOILERS AND OTHER FURNACES.

APPLICATION FILED DEu.1s,19o3.

\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\.\\\\\S \\\\\\m m.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIOE.

HENRY A. BRADLEY, OF NEW' YORK, N. Y.. ASSIGNOR rIO THE BRADLEY UNIVERSAL HEAT, LIGHT, ANI) POWER COMPANY, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

HEATER FOR BOILERS AND OTHER FURNACES.

No. 799.300v Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 12, 1905.

Application filed December 1G, 1903. Serial No. 185,373.

To {1J/l when zit may concern converted into gas and the same delivered to Be 1t known that I, HENRY A. BRADLEY, a the furnace 1n an incandescent form. citizen of the United States, and a resident of This heater is preferably constructed of the borough of Manhattan, in the city, metal or other heat-resisting material of the 5 county, 'and State of N ew York, have inrequired shape and size and is provided with 55 vented certain new and useful Improvethree several chambers d rl/ (Z2, of which the ments in Heaters for Boilers and other F urfirst is the steam-chamber, the second the carnaces, of which the following is a specificaburoting-chamber, and the third the Vfixingtion. chamber, with the inner walls of each pro- 1 o )Iy invention relates to that 'form of heater vided with a series of nipples (Z3, projecting in- 6o in which steam and carbonaceous material ward and formed with suitable orifices o in are commingled in a heated chamber and the them, through which the gas that is formed gas resulting from their destruction and rein the chamber and the various components combination of certain of their components is thereof are free to pass. employed as the heating agent, its object be- With the heater D constructed as above 6 5 ing to provide a heater of this class which, described the chamber d is connected with while possessed of great simplicity and insurthe boiler A through the intervention of ing of the more thorough fixing or union pipes cly and (lf, while the chamber J is conof the elements composing the gas, shall at neeted with an oil or other earbonaceous-ma- 2o the same time be more efficient in operation terial-receiving tank or reservoir E through 7o than those heretofore in use and allow of a the intermediary of a pipe c. As thus arcontinuous operation of the parts in a given ranged when the heater l) is heated to the cycle when in use. required temperature and the apparatus is To these ends the invention consists in cerin operation steam 'from the boiler A will tain peculiarities of construction and combibe admitted to the chamber d through the 75 nations of parts, all as will hereinafter more pi ies e, and a', where, being superheated, it fullr appear` will pass under pressure through the orifices 'l In the accompanying drawing, which in the nipples d in its front wall into the Vforms a part of this specification, I have carbureting-chamber d, drawing with it in 3o shown a side view, partly in elevation and its passage through the heater the oil or So partly in section, of one of the various emother carbonaceous material from the tank bodiments of my invention, of which it is caor reservoir E through the pipe c. In its pable applied in connection with a steampassage through the chamber d it will be boiler and its furnace. commingled with the oil or other material In the drawing, A indicates a boiler, and B drawn from the tank or reservoir E, and in 85 a furnace in which the boiler is arranged and consequence of the high degree of heat imsupported and which is preferablyY provided parted to the chamber it will, with the oil or with an uptake b, with a suitable damper b other carbonaceous material, be decomposed therein, through which the products of comand the appropriate elements contained in 4o bustion passing upward along the uptake them' drawn together, forming thereby a 9o ma)v be controlled and regulated. union, in which condition thesv will pass Located. in the front walls of the furnace B, through the orifices in the nipples d in the below the boiler A, is a chamber C, which is inner walls of the chamber d and enter the rnet'erablv constructed of metal or other refixing-chamber (Z2, where in consequence of 'fractorv material and is provided in its front the great heat possessed by this chamber the 95 with a suitable door c and passage-wz@rv cand union of tht` different elements will be more in its rear at or near its top with a passagethoroughly insured and the same converted wa.)v or flue c?. As thus constructed this into fixed and permanent gases, which will chamber receives the heater D, by means of then pass through the orifices in the nipples 5o which the steam and carbonaceous matter are d of the inner wall of the fixing-chamber d2 100 and be discharged beneath the boiler A in the furnace B in a state of incandescence, the nipples (Z3 and the oriiices therein serving, in fact, as burners for the gases as they issue therefrom. I

For imparting the required degree of heat to the heater D various forms of heating devices may be employed. I prefer, however, to employ a heater F of the same general form and construction as the heater D and to locate it below and slightly in front of the same. This heater F, like the heater D, is preferably constructed of metal or other heat-resisting material and of the required form and size to adapt it to the purposes for which it is intended, with its interior provided with a steam-chambery, a carburetingchamber j, and a fixing-chamber f2. As thus constructed the front walls of the respective steam, carbureting, and fixing chambers are provided with nipples f3, projecting from their inner walls, and are equipped therein with suitable orifices 0', through the two former of which the steam and carbonaceous material may readily pass, while through the latter, which serve as burners, the' gas formed in the chamberyp2 may be discharged. and burned, with the chamber j connected with the boiler A, through the medium of which a pipe a and the chammber f/connect with the tank or reservoir E through the pipes c and e, as shown. A

With the heater F constructed as above described its operation is substantially the same as that of the heater D, the steam from the boiler A, entering the steam-chamber f through the pipe a, becomes superheated therein in consequence of the great heat imparted to the heater F and passing through the nipples3 into the carbureting-chamber f/ draws with it in so doing the oil or other carbonaceous material from the tank E through the pipes e and e. In this carbureting-chamber the steam becomes decomposed with the oil or other carbonaceous material, and after a reorganization of certain of the elements of the former with certain of the elements of the latter it passes through the nipples f3 into the fixing-chamber f2, where the elements so joined are formed into a fixed and permanent gas, which is discharged through the nipples f3 in the inner walls of this chamber beneath the heater D in an incandescent form, thereby enveloping this last-*mentioned heater in incandescent gases and imparting to it the required deOree of heat necessary to the performance o its required functions.

For imparting to this heater F the necessary degree of heat to enable it to perform its appropriate work when in operation I provide a hood or deflector H, which is located directly in its rear and is preferably supported from the walls of the chamber C,

as shown. As thus arranged the incandescent gases issuing from the orifices in the rear walls of the heater F enter this hood II with great violence and are as a consequence thereof deflected backward. upon the heater itself, bathing and enveloping the same in heated gases, after which they rise and envelop the heater D, thereby not only heating the heater F to the required degree, but disposing them so that they shall contact with and envelop the heater D. In some instances this hood H may be made imperforate throughout. I prefer, however, to provide it with suitable orifices h in its inner and upper walls, as thereby the most efficient disposition of the gases issuing from the heater F for attaining the desired results is insured.

With the parts constructed and arranged as above explained and in operation the heating of the boiler or other receptacle and the production of the fuel from which it is heated are automatic and continuous. rI`he steam from the boiler entering the steamchambers d and f of the respective heaters D and F become superheated therein and passing on through the respective heaters draws with it in its passage through them the oil or other carbonaceous material from the tank or reservoir E, with which it is combined into a fixed and permanent gas and discharged from the heaters in an incandescent form, of which that from the heater D serves to heat the boiler A or other receptacle, while that issuing from the heater F serves to heat the heater D, as well as to heat the heater Ffrom which it issues. While thus the operation of the parts are automatic and practically continuous when the steam in the boiler A is under sufficient pressure to cause the heaters to perform their required functions without any additional power beyond that possessed by the steam itself being required, it becomes necessary to employ other means for supplying the steam and for heating the heater F when there is no steam in the boiler or the pressure of steam is not sufficient for carrying on those operations. To allow of the heating of the heater F under these conditions, any appropriate means maybe employed. I prefer, how ever, to adopt for this purpose a receptacle I, which may be supported within the chamber C immediately below the heater and into which may be supplied and burned oil or any other inflammable material to impart thereto the requisite heat, while to supply the steam required for operating the heaters I employ a small auxiliary boiler K. This auxiliary boiler may be of any ordinary or preferred construction and may be heated in any convenient manner. As shown in the drawing, however, it is of cylindrical form and is or may be heated by an ordinary oil- IOO IIO

lamp K, being provided with a safety-valve /if and connected with the pipe (L through the intervention of a pipe r. While the boilers A and K are thus connected with the steamcliambers d and j' and the oil or other carbonaceous-material-receiving tank are connected with the carbureting-chambers d and j, the flow of the steam from these boilers to such chambers is regulated and controlled by the valves u2, fr, c, and fr?, arranged in the respective pipes (l, (U, and It, and the flow of the oil or other carbonaceous material from the. oil or other carl)onaceoiis-materialreceiving tank l is in like manner regulated and controlled by the valves (f3 and c, with which the pipes e and e are similarlyprovided.

The various parts being constructed and arranged as above explained, the operation of the heater will be initiated when there is no stream in the boiler or the pressure therein is not sufficient for that purpose by first closing the valves a2, a3, and 7c? in the respective pipes a, of, and r and then raising the steam in the auxiliary boiler K to the required pressure by means of the lamp or other heating means. Oil or other imflammable material w ill then be supplied to the receptacle l and ignited, and the heater F thereby heated to the required degree by its consumption. The heater F being thereby heated to the required temperature, the valve k2 in the pipe I" will then be opened, when the steam will enter the steam-chamber j' and passing through into the respective carbureting and fixing chambers f and f2 will draw with it the oil or other carbonaceous material through the pipes e and e. In thus passing through these chambers it will, with the oil or other carbonaceous material, be decomposed and converted into a fixed gas and discharged through the orifices in the nipplesj' on the rear of the heater in an incamilescent form, where, being deflected backward by the hood or detlector II, it will maintain the required degree of heat in that heater and rising therefrom will envelop and heat the heater D. As soon as the heater D is thus heated to the required temperature the valve (tl in the pipe e will then be opened, when the steam will enter the steam-chamber d therein, where being superheated it will pass forward into the carbureting-chamber (Z/ and fixing-chamber de, drawing with it the oil or other carbonaceous material through the pipe e and, being deconmosed with the oil or other carbomweous material and converted into fixed gas, will in like manner be discharged from the heater D in an incandescent form, which, with the gases discharged through the passage or flue c?, will bat-he and envelop the boiler, heating the water contained in it and causing the generation of steam therein. As soon as the pressure of the steam in the boiler reaches the proper height, the valve (1,2 in the pipe a will be opened, the valve k2 in the pipe r closed, and the lamp or other heating means extinguished or \\'itlulra\\'n, when the operation ol' the parts will be thereafter continued by the steam from the boiler A alone.

From the foregoing, therefore, it will be seen that I produce a heater for boiler and other furnaces in which the steam from a boiler, when the heater is applied in connection with that form of device, serves not only as the power for forcing the material composing the fuel through the heater, but forms one of the elements of such fuel and thc fuel thus formed applied in turn to again heat the boiler for the generation of further steam, which is again used to form and supply additional fuel, and so on in a continuous cycle so long as the furnace is in operation.

Vhile in the foregoing I have specifically described the invention as applied in connection with a boiler, it is to be understood that I do not limit myself thereto, as it is obvious that the same may be used in connection with various of the other forms of furnaces.

Again, while I have shown the oil or other carbonaceous-material-receiving tank E disposed beneath the furnace this is merely -for illustrative purposes, and it is manifest that the same may be otherwise located without in any way impairing the efficiency of the apparatus.

Having now described my invention and specified certain of the ways in which it is or may be carried into effect, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States- 1. The combination, with a furnace, a boiler arrangedtherein, a plurality of heaters arranged in connection with such furnace the one below the other whereby the upper one is heated by the lower one and each provided with a heat-resisting casing, inclosed communicating steam, carbureting and fixing chambers for reception, decomposition and conversion of steam and carbonaceous material into a .fixed gas, and with burners through which the gas formed in such heater may be discharged within the furnace for consumption therein, and a tank or reservoir for receiving and storing carbonaceous material, of pipes for connecting the boiler and the tank or reservoir with both of such heaters, and a hood or deflector applied in connection with the under of such heaters, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a furnace having a chamber C arranged in the wall thereof and constructed with a passage-way or flue near its top, of a plurality of heaters arranged within such chamber the one below the` other, and a hood or dellector supported in said chamber for cooperation with the lower heater, the said heaters being adapted to dis- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set charge their respective gases in lines which my hand this 8th day of December7 1903. are substantially parallel to each other and to the under surface of the boiler, and the said hood or delieotor being located opposite the burners of the lower heater, substantially as described.

HENRY A.' BRADLEY.

Vitnesses:

A. S. BROWN, R. F. SWEENY. 

